Alzheimer
- Attila Szepesi, Phd
- Mar 15
- 1 min read
Dear colleagues,
I wanted to share some additional information regarding the key licensed drugs for Alzheimer's disease. Specifically, I have compiled the molecular structures for the small molecule drugs and the types and structures of the monoclonal antibody therapies.
Symptomatic Treatments:
*Donepezil (Aricept)**
* Molecular Formula: C₂₄H₂₉NO₃
* Structure: A piperidine-based acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
*Rivastigmine (Exelon)**
* Molecular Formula: C₁₄H₂₂N₂O₂
* Structure: A carbamate-based reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
*Galantamine (Razadyne)**
* Molecular Formula: C₁₇H₂₁NO₃
* Structure: A tertiary alkaloid derived from natural sources.
*Memantine (Namenda)**
* Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₂₁N
* Structure: An adamantane derivative acting as an NMDA receptor antagonist.
Disease-Modifying Therapies (Anti-Amyloid Antibodies):
These drugs are monoclonal antibodies, meaning they are large protein-based molecules rather than small molecules with a defined molecular formula. However, they have specific amino acid sequences and 3D structures.
*Aducanumab (Aduhelm)**
* Type: Human monoclonal antibody targeting amyloid-beta.
* Structure: Large glycoprotein with a characteristic IgG1 kappa chain.
*Lecanemab (Leqembi)**
* Type: Humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting amyloid-beta protofibrils.
* Structure: Similar to Aducanumab but with a different epitope specificity.
*Donanemab (Kisunla)**
* Type: IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds to N-terminally truncated amyloid-beta plaques.
For the molecular structures of monoclonal antibodies, 3D protein structure visualization tools like PyMOL or Chimera can be used to gain further insights.
Please let me know if you have any questions.
Best regards,
Attila
Here are the molecular structures of the key licensed drugs for Alzheimer's disease:
Symptomatic Treatments:
Donepezil (Aricept)
Molecular Formula: C₂₄H₂₉NO₃
Structure: A piperidine-based acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
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